Peru

Property	Value
factbook:GDP_compositionbysector_agriculture	8.5E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:GDP_compositionbysector_industry	26.4E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:GDP_compositionbysector_services	65.0E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:GDP_officialexchangerate	76090000000 (xsd:long)
factbook:GDP_percapita_PPP	6400 (xsd:long)
factbook:GDP_purchasingpowerparity	181800000000 (xsd:long)
factbook:GDP_realgrowthrate	6.5E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:HIVorAIDS_adultprevalencerate	0.5E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:HIVorAIDS_deaths	4200
factbook:HIVorAIDS_peoplelivingwithHIVorAIDS	82000 (xsd:long)
factbook:administrativedivisions	25 regions (regiones, singular - region) and 1 province* (provincia); Amazonas, Ancash, Apurimac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Callao, Cusco, Huancavelica, Huanuco, Ica, Junin, La Libertad, Lambayeque, Lima, Lima*, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Moquegua, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Martin, Tacna, Tumbes, Ucayali
factbook:agestructure_0_14years_female	4271390 (xsd:long)
factbook:agestructure_0_14years_male	4427080 (xsd:long)
factbook:agestructure_0_14years_percentage	30.3E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:agestructure_15_64years_female	9150816 (xsd:long)
factbook:agestructure_15_64years_male	9267642 (xsd:long)
factbook:agestructure_15_64years_percentage	64.2E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:agestructure_65yearsandover_female	823296 (xsd:long)
factbook:agestructure_65yearsandover_male	734533 (xsd:long)
factbook:agestructure_65yearsandover_percentage	5.4E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:airports_total	268 (xsd:long)
factbook:airports_withpavedrunways_total	54
factbook:airports_withunpavedrunways_total	214
factbook:area_comparative	slightly smaller than Alaska
factbook:area_land	1280000
factbook:area_total	1285220
factbook:area_water	5220
factbook:background	Ancient Peru was the seat of several prominent Andean civilizations, most notably that of the Incas whose empire was captured by the Spanish conquistadors in 1533. Peruvian independence was declared in 1821, and remaining Spanish forces defeated in 1824. After a dozen years of military rule, Peru returned to democratic leadership in 1980, but experienced economic problems and the growth of a violent insurgency. President Alberto FUJIMORIs election in 1990 ushered in a decade that saw a dramatic turnaround in the economy and significant progress in curtailing guerrilla activity. Nevertheless, the presidents increasing reliance on authoritarian measures and an economic slump in the late 1990s generated mounting dissatisfaction with his regime, which led to his ouster in 2000. A caretaker government oversaw new elections in the spring of 2001, which ushered in Alejandro TOLEDO as the new head of government - Perus first democratically elected president of Native American ethnicity. The presidential election of 2006 saw the return of Alan GARCIA who, after a disappointing presidential term from 1985 to 1990, returned to the presidency with promises to improve social conditions and maintain fiscal responsibility.
factbook:birthrate	20.09E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:budget_expenditures	$25180000000; including capital expenditures of $25180000000 for general government, but excluding private enterprises
factbook:budget_revenues	25500000000 (xsd:long)
factbook:capital_geographiccoordinates	12 03 S, 77 03 W
factbook:capital_name	Lima
factbook:capital_timedifference	UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC during Standard Time)
factbook:climate	varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate to frigid in Andes
factbook:coastline_total	2414 (xsd:long)
factbook:constitution	29 December 1993
factbook:countryname_conventionallongform	Republic of Peru
factbook:countryname_conventionalshortform	Peru
factbook:countryname_locallongform	Republica del Peru
factbook:countryname_localshortform	Peru
factbook:currency_code	nuevo sol (PEN)
factbook:currencycode	PEN
factbook:currentaccountbalance	1515000000 (xsd:long)
factbook:deathrate	6.21E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:debt_external	$27930000000 (30 June 2006 est.)
foaf:depiction
factbook:disputes_international	Chile and Ecuador rejected Perus November 2005 unilateral legislation to shift the axis of their joint treaty-defined maritime boundaries along the parallels of latitude to equidistance lines which favor Peru; organized illegal narcotics operations in Colombia have penetrated Perus shared border; Peru rejects Bolivias claim to restore maritime access through a sovereign corridor through Chile along the Peruvian border
factbook:distributionoffamilyincome_Giniindex	49.8E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:economicaid_recipient	491000000 (xsd:long)
factbook:economy_overview	Perus economy reflects its varied geography - an arid coastal region, the Andes further inland, and tropical lands bordering Colombia and Brazil. Abundant mineral resources are found in the mountainous areas, and Perus coastal waters provide excellent fishing grounds. However, overdependence on minerals and metals subjects the economy to fluctuations in world prices, and a lack of infrastructure deters trade and investment. After several years of inconsistent economic performance, the Peruvian economy grew by more than 4% per year during the period 2002-06, with a stable exchange rate and low inflation. Risk premiums on Peruvian bonds on secondary markets reached historically low levels in late 2004, reflecting investor optimism regarding the governments prudent fiscal policies and openness to trade and investment. Despite the strong macroeconomic performance, underemployment and poverty have stayed persistently high. Economic growth continues to be driven by exports of minerals, textiles, and agricultural products, and by expectations for the Camisea natural gas megaproject and for other promising energy projects. Upon taking office, President GARCIA announced Sierra Exportadora, a program aimed at promoting economic growth in Perus southern and central highlands.
factbook:electricity_consumption	22310000000 (xsd:long)
factbook:electricity_exports	0 (xsd:long)
factbook:electricity_imports	0 (xsd:long)
factbook:electricity_production	23990000000 (xsd:long)
factbook:electricity_productionbysource_fossilfuel	14.5E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:electricity_productionbysource_hydro	85 (xsd:long)
factbook:electricity_productionbysource_nuclear	0.0E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:electricity_productionbysource_other	0.8E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:elevationextremes_highestpoint	6768 (xsd:long)
factbook:elevationextremes_highestpoint_place	Nevado Huascaran
factbook:elevationextremes_lowestpoint	0 (xsd:long)
factbook:elevationextremes_lowestpoint_place	Pacific Ocean
factbook:environment_currentissues	deforestation (some the result of illegal logging); overgrazing of the slopes of the costa and sierra leading to soil erosion; desertification; air pollution in Lima; pollution of rivers and coastal waters from municipal and mining wastes
factbook:executivebranch_cabinet	Council of Ministers appointed by the president
factbook:executivebranch_chiefofstate	President Alan GARCIA Perez (since 28 July 2006); First Vice President Luis GIAMPIETRI Rojas; Second Vice President Lourdes MENDOZA del Solar (since 28 July 2006); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
factbook:executivebranch_electionresults	Alan GARCIA elected president in runoff election; percent of vote - Alan GARCIA 52.5%, Ollanta HUMALA Tasso 47.5%
factbook:executivebranch_elections	president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); presidential and congressional elections held 9 April 2006 with runoff election held 4 June 2006; next to be held in April 2011
factbook:executivebranch_headofgovernment	President Alan GARCIA Perez (since 28 July 2006); First Vice President Luis GIAMPIETRI Rojas; Second Vice President Lourdes MENDOZA del Solar (since 28 July 2006)
factbook:exports	22690000000 (xsd:long)
factbook:factbookcode	pe
factbook:fiscalyear	calendar year
factbook:flag	<https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/flags/pe-flag.gif>
factbook:flagdescription	three equal, vertical bands of red (hoist side), white, and red with the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a shield bearing a vicuna, cinchona tree (the source of quinine), and a yellow cornucopia spilling out gold coins, all framed by a green wreath
factbook:geographiccoordinates_latitude	-10.0E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:geographiccoordinates_longitude	76.0E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:governmenttype	constitutional republic
factbook:heliports	1 (xsd:long)
factbook:householdincomeorconsumptionbypercentageshare_highest10pc	37.2E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:householdincomeorconsumptionbypercentageshare_lowest10pc	1 (xsd:long)
factbook:imports	15380000000 (xsd:long)
factbook:independence	28 July 1821 (from Spain)
factbook:industrialproductiongrowthrate	7.0E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:infantmortalityrate_female	27.34E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:infantmortalityrate_male	32.47E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:infantmortalityrate_total	29.96E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:inflationrate_consumerprices	2.1E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:internetServiceProviders_ISPs	10 (xsd:long)
factbook:internetcountrycode	.pe
factbook:internethosts	269981
factbook:internetusers	4600000
factbook:investment_grossfixed	20.3% of GDP
factbook:irrigatedland_total	12000
factbook:judicialbranch	Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judges are appointed by the National Council of the Judiciary)
rdfs:label	Peru
factbook:laborforce	9210000 (xsd:long)
factbook:laborforce_byoccupation_agriculture	9.0E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:laborforce_byoccupation_industry	18.0E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:laborforce_byoccupation_services	73.0E0 (xsd:double)
is factbook:landboundary of	db:Bolivia
is factbook:landboundary of	db:Brazil
is factbook:landboundary of	db:Chile
is factbook:landboundary of	db:Colombia
is factbook:landboundary of	db:Ecuador
factbook:landboundary	db:Bolivia
factbook:landboundary	db:Brazil
factbook:landboundary	db:Chile
factbook:landboundary	db:Colombia
factbook:landboundary	db:Ecuador
factbook:landuse_arableland	2.88E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:landuse_other	96.65E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:landuse_permanentcrops	0.47E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:large_flag	<https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/flags/pe-lgflag.gif>
factbook:legalsystem	based on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
factbook:legislativebranch	unicameral Congress of the Republic of Peru or Congreso de la Republica del Peru (120 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
factbook:legislativebranch_electionresults	percent of vote by party - UPP 21.2%, PAP 20.6%, UN 15.3%, AF 13.1%, FC 7.1%, PP 4.1%, RN 4.0%, other 14.6%; seats by party - UPP 45, PAP 36, UN 17, AF 13, FC 5, PP 2, RN 2
factbook:legislativebranch_elections	last held 9 April 2006 (next to be held in April 2011)
factbook:lifeexpectancyatbirth_female	72 (xsd:long)
factbook:lifeexpectancyatbirth_male	68.33E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:lifeexpectancyatbirth_totalpopulation	70.14E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:literacy_definition	age 15 and over can read and write
factbook:literacy_female	82 (xsd:long)
factbook:literacy_male	94 (xsd:long)
factbook:literacy_totalpopulation	88 (xsd:long)
factbook:location	Western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador
foaf:logo	<https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/flags/pe-flag.gif>
factbook:manpoweravailableformilitaryservice_femalesage18_49	6544408 (xsd:long)
factbook:manpoweravailableformilitaryservice_malesage18_49	6647874 (xsd:long)
factbook:manpowerfitformilitaryservice_femalesage18_49	5278511 (xsd:long)
factbook:manpowerfitformilitaryservice_malesage18_49	4938417 (xsd:long)
factbook:manpowerreachingmilitaryserviceageannually_femalesage18_49	269799 (xsd:long)
factbook:manpowerreachingmilitaryserviceageannually_malesage18_49	277105 (xsd:long)
factbook:map	<https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/maps/pe-map.gif>
factbook:maritimeclaims_territorialsea	200 (xsd:long)
factbook:medianage_female	25.8E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:medianage_male	25.2E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:medianage_total	26 (xsd:long)
factbook:merchantmarine_foreign_owned	1 (US 1)
factbook:merchantmarine_registeredinothercountries	15 (Panama 15)
factbook:merchantmarine_total	4 (xsd:long)
factbook:merchantmarine_total_dwt	62255 (xsd:long)
factbook:merchantmarine_total_grt	38954 (xsd:long)
factbook:militaryexpenditures_dollarfigure	829300000
factbook:militaryexpenditures_percentofGDP	1.6E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:militaryserviceageandobligation	18 years of age for compulsory military service
factbook:name	Peru
factbook:nationalholiday	Independence Day, 28 July
factbook:nationality_adjective	Peruvian
factbook:nationality_noun	Peruvian(s)
factbook:naturalgas_consumption	860000000 (xsd:long)
factbook:naturalgas_exports	0 (xsd:long)
factbook:naturalgas_imports	0 (xsd:long)
factbook:naturalgas_production	860000000 (xsd:long)
factbook:naturalgas_provedreserves	246800000000 cu m (1 January 2005 est.)
factbook:netmigrationrate	-0.99E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:oil_consumption	156000 (xsd:long)
factbook:oil_exports	49000 (xsd:long)
factbook:oil_imports	0 (xsd:long)
factbook:oil_production	120000 (xsd:long)
factbook:oil_provedreserves	370000000
factbook:population_total	28674757 (xsd:long)
factbook:populationbelowpovertyline	54.0E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:populationgrowthrate	1.289E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:portsandterminals	Callao, Iquitos, Matarani, Pucallpa, Yurimaguas; note - Iquitos, Pucallpa, and Yurimaguas are on the upper reaches of the Amazon and its tributaries
factbook:publicdebt	33.8% of GDP
factbook:radiobroadcaststations	AM 472, FM 198, shortwave 189
factbook:railways_standardgauge	2962 km 1.435-m gauge
factbook:railways_total	3462 (xsd:long)
factbook:reservesofforeignexchangeandgold	17040000000 (xsd:long)
factbook:roadways_paved	11351 km (includes 276 km of expressways)
factbook:roadways_total	78829
factbook:sexratio_15_64years	1.013E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:sexratio_65yearsandover	0.892E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:sexratio_atbirth	1.05E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:sexratio_totalpopulation	1.013E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:sexratio_under15years	1.036E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:suffrage	18 years of age; universal and compulsory until the age of 70; note - for the first time in recent elections, members of the military and national police were eligible to vote in the 2006 elections
factbook:telephones_mainlinesinuse	2250000
factbook:telephones_mobilecellular	5583000
factbook:telephonesystem_domestic	nationwide microwave radio relay system and a domestic satellite system with 12 earth stations
factbook:telephonesystem_generalassessment	adequate for most requirements
factbook:telephonesystem_international	country code - 51; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); Pan American submarine cable
factbook:televisionbroadcaststations	13 (plus 112 repeaters)
factbook:televisions	3060000 (xsd:long)
factbook:terrain	western coastal plain (costa), high and rugged Andes in center (sierra), eastern lowland jungle of Amazon Basin (selva)
factbook:totalfertilityrate	2.46 children born/woman
rdf:type	factbook:Country
factbook:unemploymentrate	7.2E0 (xsd:double)
factbook:url	<https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/pe.html>

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